HOSA Dental Terminology Practice

What condition is characterized by pulpal inflammation extending to the periapical tissues?

1. Apical periodontitis

2. Crowding

3. Cellulitis

4. Cheating

The correct answer is: Apical periodontitis

The condition characterized by pulpal inflammation extending to the periapical tissues is known as apical periodontitis. This occurs when inflammation from the pulp — which is the innermost part of the tooth containing nerves and blood vessels — spreads to the surrounding bone and tissue at the apex (tip) of the tooth root. This pathological process usually arises as a result of an infection or trauma that affects the tooth's pulp, leading to significant discomfort, swelling, and potential bone loss. Apical periodontitis can be either acute or chronic, depending on the duration and presentation of symptoms. It typically presents with pain, tenderness, and possible signs of systemic infection, indicating that the condition is serious. Diagnosis often involves clinical examination and radiographic imaging to assess the extent of inflammation and any associated bone changes. Understanding this condition is crucial for recognizing the need for endodontic treatment, which aims to alleviate pain and preserve the affected tooth.